Process capability analysis is a statistical method used to assess how well a manufacturing process can produce products that meet specified quality standards. It compares the inherent variability of the process to the allowable limits defined by the product specifications. This analysis helps identify whether a process is capable of consistently producing items within these limits. The results of process capability analysis are often expressed using indices such as Cp and Cpk. A higher value indicates a more capable process, meaning it is less likely to produce defects. This analysis is crucial for quality control and continuous improvement in manufacturing.