Power factor correction is a technique used to improve the efficiency of electrical systems. It addresses the issue of power factor, which is a measure of how effectively electrical power is being converted into useful work. A low power factor indicates that a significant amount of energy is wasted, often due to inductive loads like motors and transformers. By using devices such as capacitors or synchronous condensers, power factor correction helps to align the voltage and current waveforms, reducing energy losses. This not only enhances the performance of electrical equipment but also lowers electricity costs and minimizes the risk of overloading the electrical system.