The posterior talofibular ligament is a key ligament located in the ankle. It connects the talus bone to the fibula, providing stability to the ankle joint. This ligament is part of the lateral ligament complex and plays a crucial role in preventing excessive movement that could lead to injuries. Injuries to the posterior talofibular ligament are less common than those to other ankle ligaments, such as the anterior talofibular ligament. However, when they do occur, they can result in pain and instability in the ankle. Proper diagnosis and treatment are essential for recovery and to restore normal function.