Population growth refers to the increase in the number of people living in a specific area over time. This growth can happen due to various factors, such as higher birth rates, lower death rates, and migration. When more people are born than die, or when people move into an area, the population grows. This growth can have both positive and negative effects. On one hand, a larger population can lead to a more vibrant economy and cultural diversity. On the other hand, it can strain resources like water, food, and housing, making it challenging for communities to provide for everyone’s needs.