Population distribution refers to how people are spread out across a specific area, such as a country or city. It shows where populations are concentrated and where they are sparse. Factors influencing population distribution include geography, climate, and availability of resources like water and jobs. Different regions can have vastly different population densities. For example, urban areas like New York City tend to have high population densities due to economic opportunities, while rural areas may have lower densities because of fewer resources and job prospects. Understanding population distribution helps in planning for infrastructure, services, and environmental management.