Population changes refer to the variations in the number of people living in a specific area over time. These changes can occur due to factors such as birth rates, death rates, immigration, and emigration. For example, when more people are born than die, the population increases, while a higher number of deaths or people leaving an area can lead to a decrease. Different regions experience population changes at different rates. Urban areas often see growth due to migration from rural areas, while some countries face declining populations due to low birth rates. Understanding these trends helps governments and organizations plan for resources and services effectively.