Population biology is the study of how populations of organisms interact with their environment and each other. It focuses on various factors that affect population size, distribution, and dynamics, including birth rates, death rates, and migration patterns. This field helps scientists understand the ecological and evolutionary processes that shape species and their habitats. Researchers in population biology often use mathematical models and statistical methods to analyze data. They may study specific populations, such as endangered species, to develop conservation strategies or examine the effects of climate change on ecosystems. This knowledge is crucial for managing natural resources and preserving biodiversity.