Polyvinyl chloride, commonly known as PVC, is a synthetic plastic polymer widely used in construction and manufacturing. It is created through the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers and is known for its durability, resistance to moisture, and versatility. PVC can be rigid or flexible, making it suitable for a variety of applications, including pipes, flooring, and electrical cable insulation. Due to its low cost and ease of production, PVC is one of the most commonly used plastics in the world. However, concerns about its environmental impact and potential health risks during production and disposal have led to increased scrutiny and calls for more sustainable alternatives.