Polystyrene foam is a lightweight, rigid material made from expanded polystyrene (EPS) beads. It is commonly used for packaging, insulation, and disposable food containers due to its excellent thermal insulation properties and shock absorption. This material is often recognized by its white, spongy appearance. While polystyrene foam is popular for its versatility, it poses environmental challenges. It is not biodegradable and can contribute to plastic pollution if not disposed of properly. Recycling options are limited, leading to increased efforts to find sustainable alternatives and improve waste management practices related to plastic products.