Polymeric nanoparticles are tiny particles made from polymers, which are large molecules composed of repeating structural units. These nanoparticles typically range in size from 1 to 100 nanometers and can be used in various applications, including drug delivery, imaging, and diagnostics. Their small size and large surface area allow for enhanced interaction with biological systems. These nanoparticles can be engineered to carry specific drugs or therapeutic agents, improving the effectiveness of treatments while minimizing side effects. Additionally, their surface properties can be modified to target specific cells or tissues, making them valuable tools in fields like medicine and biotechnology.