Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a group of biodegradable plastics produced by microorganisms as a form of energy storage. They are created through the fermentation of organic materials, such as sugars or oils, and can be used in various applications, including packaging, medical devices, and agricultural films. PHAs are considered environmentally friendly alternatives to traditional petroleum-based plastics. These bioplastics can break down naturally in the environment, reducing plastic pollution. Different types of PHA, such as polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and polyhydroxyvalerate (PHV), have varying properties, making them suitable for specific uses. Research continues to explore ways to enhance their production and performance.