Placental abruption is a serious pregnancy complication where the placenta detaches from the uterus before childbirth. This can lead to heavy bleeding and can deprive the baby of oxygen and nutrients. Symptoms may include sudden abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and contractions. The exact cause of placental abruption is often unknown, but certain factors can increase the risk, such as high blood pressure, smoking, or previous instances of abruption. Prompt medical attention is crucial, as severe cases can threaten the health of both the mother and the baby.