Piriformis syndrome is a condition that occurs when the piriformis muscle, located in the buttocks, spasms or tightens, putting pressure on the nearby sciatic nerve. This can lead to pain, tingling, or numbness in the buttocks and down the leg, mimicking symptoms of sciatica. The syndrome is often caused by prolonged sitting, overuse, or injury. Treatment typically includes stretching exercises, physical therapy, and sometimes anti-inflammatory medications. In severe cases, injections or surgery may be considered to relieve pressure on the sciatic nerve.