Pine cones are the reproductive structures of pine trees, which belong to the family of conifers. They come in various shapes and sizes, typically featuring a hard, woody exterior. Pine cones serve to protect the seeds inside until they are ready to be released, usually when conditions are favorable for germination. There are two main types of pine cones: male and female. Male cones are smaller and produce pollen, while female cones are larger and contain seeds. Once the seeds are mature, the female cones open up to disperse them, allowing new pine trees to grow in suitable environments.