Photovoltaic systems are technology that converts sunlight directly into electricity using solar panels. These panels are made up of many small units called solar cells, which are typically made from materials like silicon. When sunlight hits these cells, it creates an electric current, allowing the system to generate power for homes, businesses, or even large solar farms. The electricity produced by photovoltaic systems can be used immediately or stored in batteries for later use. They are a clean and renewable energy source, helping to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions. As technology advances, photovoltaic systems are becoming more efficient and affordable.