Photovoltaic refers to the technology that converts sunlight directly into electricity using solar cells. These cells are made from materials like silicon, which generate an electric current when exposed to sunlight. This process is a clean and renewable way to produce energy, helping to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions. Photovoltaic systems can be installed on rooftops, in solar farms, or integrated into building materials. They are an essential part of the growing solar energy industry, which aims to harness the power of the sun to provide sustainable energy solutions for homes and businesses worldwide.