The philosophy of science is a branch of philosophy that examines the foundations, methods, and implications of science. It explores questions about what constitutes scientific knowledge, how scientific theories are developed and tested, and the nature of scientific reasoning. Key topics include the distinction between science and non-science, the role of experimentation, and the concept of scientific progress. Philosophers of science, such as Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn, have contributed to our understanding of how scientific paradigms shift and how theories can be falsified. This field also addresses ethical considerations in scientific research and the impact of science on society, emphasizing the importance of critical thinking and skepticism.