Permanent magnets are materials that produce a magnetic field without the need for an external power source. They are made from specific alloys, such as neodymium or samarium-cobalt, which have their atomic structure aligned in a way that creates a consistent magnetic field. This property allows them to attract or repel other magnetic materials. These magnets are commonly used in everyday items, such as refrigerator magnets, speakers, and electric motors. Unlike temporary magnets, which lose their magnetism when removed from a magnetic field, permanent magnets maintain their magnetism over time, making them reliable for various applications.