Papilledema is a medical condition characterized by swelling of the optic nerve head, which can be observed during an eye examination. This swelling occurs due to increased pressure within the skull, often caused by conditions such as intracranial hypertension, brain tumors, or cerebral edema. Symptoms of papilledema may include blurred vision, headaches, and temporary vision loss. It is important to diagnose and treat the underlying cause of the increased pressure to prevent potential vision loss or other complications. Regular eye exams can help detect papilledema early.