A pandemic is an outbreak of a disease that occurs on a global scale, affecting a large number of people across multiple countries or continents. It typically spreads easily from person to person, often through respiratory droplets, and can lead to widespread illness and death. Examples of pandemics include the Spanish flu of 1918 and the COVID-19 pandemic that began in late 2019. Pandemics can have significant impacts on public health, economies, and daily life. Governments and health organizations implement measures such as social distancing, travel restrictions, and vaccination campaigns to control the spread of the disease. Understanding pandemics is crucial for preparedness and response to future outbreaks.