P-orbitals are a type of atomic orbital found in the electron cloud surrounding an atom's nucleus. They are shaped like dumbbells and can hold a maximum of six electrons. Each p-orbital is oriented along specific axes in three-dimensional space, corresponding to the x, y, and z directions, which are referred to as the px, py, and pz orbitals. These orbitals are important in determining how atoms bond and interact with each other. In the context of the periodic table, p-orbitals are filled after the s-orbitals and play a crucial role in the chemical properties of elements, especially in the p-block elements.