The p-block is a section of the periodic table that includes groups 13 to 18. It consists of elements that have their outermost electrons in the p orbital. This block contains a diverse range of elements, including metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, which exhibit varying properties and reactivities. Elements in the p-block include familiar substances like carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen, as well as noble gases like neon and argon. These elements play crucial roles in various chemical processes and are essential for life, technology, and industry.