Out-groups refer to social groups that individuals do not identify with or belong to. These groups are often contrasted with in-groups, which are the groups to which a person feels a sense of belonging. Out-groups can be defined by various factors, including ethnicity, religion, political beliefs, or social status. People may perceive out-groups as different or even threatening, which can lead to stereotypes and prejudice. The concept of out-groups is important in understanding social dynamics and intergroup relations. For example, in the context of social psychology, out-groups can influence behaviors and attitudes, often leading to in-group favoritism. This phenomenon can affect how individuals interact with others and shape societal norms and conflicts.