Osteoarthritis is a common joint disorder that occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of bones wears down over time. This condition can lead to pain, stiffness, and swelling in the affected joints, making it difficult for individuals to perform everyday activities. It often affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, and spine. Risk factors for osteoarthritis include age, obesity, joint injuries, and genetics. While there is no cure, treatments such as physical therapy, medications, and lifestyle changes can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life for those affected.