An "ostan" is an administrative division in Iran, similar to a province or state. Each ostan is governed by an appointed governor and is further divided into smaller units called shahrestan (counties). There are currently 31 ostans in Iran, each with its own unique cultural and geographical characteristics. Ostans play a crucial role in local governance and administration, helping to implement national policies at a regional level. They also serve as important centers for economic activities, education, and healthcare, contributing to the overall development of the country.