Ortho-xylene is a colorless, flammable liquid that belongs to the group of compounds known as xylenes. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C8H10, consisting of two methyl groups attached to a benzene ring. Ortho-xylene is primarily used as a solvent and in the production of various chemicals, including phthalic anhydride. This compound is found in small amounts in crude oil and is produced during the refining process. Ortho-xylene can also be used in the manufacture of plastics, resins, and dyes. Due to its chemical properties, it is important to handle ortho-xylene with care, as it can be harmful if inhaled or ingested.