An orbital sander is a power tool used for smoothing surfaces, typically wood, by using a circular sanding pad that moves in an orbital motion. This motion helps to reduce swirl marks and provides a more even finish compared to other sanding methods. Orbital sanders are commonly used in woodworking, furniture refinishing, and home improvement projects. These tools come in various sizes and styles, including random orbital sanders that combine circular and elliptical movements for enhanced efficiency. They are often equipped with dust collection systems to minimize mess and improve air quality during sanding tasks.