The opium poppy, scientifically known as Papaver somniferum, is a flowering plant cultivated for its seeds and the latex it produces. This latex contains several alkaloids, including morphine and codeine, which are used in medicine for pain relief. The plant is characterized by its large, colorful flowers and distinctive seed pods. Historically, the opium poppy has been significant in various cultures for its psychoactive properties. The latex harvested from the pods can be processed to create opium, which has been used recreationally and medicinally. However, its misuse has led to serious public health issues, including addiction and overdose.