Oil and gas companies are businesses involved in the exploration, extraction, refining, and distribution of petroleum and natural gas. These companies play a crucial role in the global energy market, providing fuel for transportation, heating, and electricity generation. They operate in various regions, often drilling in offshore and onshore locations to find and produce these valuable resources. These companies can be categorized into three main sectors: upstream, midstream, and downstream. The upstream sector focuses on exploration and production, while the midstream sector handles transportation and storage. The downstream sector is responsible for refining crude oil into usable products, such as gasoline and diesel.