Ocular anatomy refers to the structure and organization of the eye and its surrounding components. The main parts of the eye include the cornea, lens, iris, and retina. The cornea is the clear front surface that helps focus light, while the lens further refines this focus. The iris controls the amount of light entering the eye by adjusting the size of the pupil. The retina is a light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye that converts light into electrical signals. These signals are then sent to the brain via the optic nerve, allowing us to perceive images. Other important structures include the sclera, which is the white outer layer, and the vitreous humor, a gel-like substance that fills the eye.