Nutcracker esophagus is a condition characterized by abnormal contractions of the esophagus, the tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach. These contractions are often stronger than normal, leading to chest pain and difficulty swallowing. The exact cause of nutcracker esophagus is not fully understood, but it can be associated with stress, certain foods, or other gastrointestinal disorders. Diagnosis typically involves tests such as esophageal manometry, which measures the pressure and pattern of contractions in the esophagus. Treatment may include medications to relax the esophagus, dietary changes, or in some cases, procedures to improve swallowing.