Numerical data refers to information that is expressed in numbers. This type of data can be used for various purposes, such as measuring quantities, comparing values, or analyzing trends. Examples of numerical data include age, height, temperature, and sales figures. There are two main types of numerical data: discrete and continuous. Discrete data consists of distinct values, like the number of students in a classroom, while continuous data can take any value within a range, such as weight or time. Both types are essential for statistical analysis and decision-making.