Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are groups that operate independently from any government. They are usually non-profit and focus on various social, environmental, or humanitarian issues. NGOs can work locally, nationally, or internationally, addressing problems like poverty, education, and health care. Examples include organizations like Doctors Without Borders and Greenpeace, which aim to improve lives and protect the environment. These organizations rely on donations, grants, and volunteers to carry out their missions. NGOs often advocate for change by raising awareness and influencing policies. They play a crucial role in society by filling gaps where government services may be lacking or insufficient.