Nitrite is a chemical compound that consists of one nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms, represented by the formula NO2-. It is commonly found in nature and is produced during the breakdown of organic matter. Nitrite plays a role in the nitrogen cycle, where it is formed from the oxidation of ammonia and can be further converted into nitrate by certain bacteria. In food preservation, nitrite is often used as a curing agent, particularly in processed meats like bacon and ham. It helps prevent the growth of harmful bacteria, such as Clostridium botulinum, and contributes to the characteristic color and flavor of cured products. However, excessive consumption of nitrites can lead to health concerns, including the formation of potentially harmful compounds in the body.