Neuronal signaling is the process by which nerve cells, or neurons, communicate with each other. This communication occurs through electrical impulses called action potentials, which travel along the neuron's axon. When the impulse reaches the end of the axon, it triggers the release of chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters into the synapse, the gap between neurons. These neurotransmitters bind to receptors on the neighboring neuron, leading to either excitation or inhibition of that neuron. This intricate signaling process allows for the transmission of information throughout the nervous system, enabling functions such as movement, sensation, and cognition.