A neuron is a specialized cell in the nervous system that transmits information through electrical and chemical signals. Neurons are the building blocks of the brain and spinal cord, playing a crucial role in processing and communicating information throughout the body. Each neuron consists of three main parts: the cell body, dendrites, and axon. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons, while the axon sends signals to other cells. This intricate network of neurons enables complex functions such as movement, sensation, and cognition, making them essential for all bodily functions.