Neuronal structure refers to the organization and components of neurons, the fundamental units of the nervous system. Each neuron consists of three main parts: the cell body, which contains the nucleus; dendrites, which receive signals from other neurons; and the axon, which transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles. Neurons communicate through synapses, where the axon terminal of one neuron connects with the dendrites of another. This complex network allows for the transmission of information throughout the nervous system, enabling functions such as movement, sensation, and cognition.