Neonicotinoids are a class of synthetic insecticides modeled after nicotine, a natural compound found in tobacco plants. They work by targeting the nervous system of insects, leading to paralysis and death. Neonicotinoids are commonly used in agriculture to protect crops from pests, as they are effective at low doses and can be applied to seeds, soil, or foliage. However, there is growing concern about the impact of neonicotinoids on non-target species, particularly pollinators like bees. Studies suggest that exposure to these chemicals may contribute to declines in bee populations, prompting discussions about their regulation and use in farming practices.