Neoliberal institutionalism is a theory in international relations that emphasizes the role of international institutions in promoting cooperation among states. It argues that while states are primarily motivated by their own interests, institutions like the United Nations or World Trade Organization can help facilitate cooperation by providing rules, norms, and frameworks that reduce uncertainty and foster trust. This approach suggests that even in an anarchic international system, where no central authority exists, states can achieve mutual benefits through collaboration. By creating and adhering to international agreements, states can address global challenges such as climate change and trade disputes more effectively.