Homonym: negative feedback (Criticism)
Negative feedback is a process in which a system responds to a change by initiating actions that counteract that change. This mechanism helps maintain stability and balance within various systems, such as biological organisms, mechanical devices, and even social structures. For example, when the body temperature rises, the hypothalamus triggers sweating to cool down, demonstrating how negative feedback works to restore normal conditions.
In engineering, negative feedback is often used in control systems to improve performance and reduce errors. By comparing the output of a system to a desired set point, adjustments can be made to minimize any deviation. This principle is widely applied in thermostats, audio equipment, and automated processes to ensure consistent and reliable operation.