Naval guns are large-caliber artillery pieces mounted on warships, designed to engage surface targets, provide naval fire support, and defend against aerial threats. They vary in size, typically ranging from 5 inches to 16 inches in caliber, and can fire different types of ammunition, including high-explosive shells and guided projectiles. These guns are crucial for naval warfare, allowing ships to strike targets from a distance while remaining relatively safe from enemy fire. Modern naval guns often incorporate advanced targeting systems and automation, enhancing their accuracy and effectiveness in combat situations.