Natural philosophy is the study of the natural world and its phenomena, focusing on understanding the principles that govern nature. It encompasses various fields, including physics, chemistry, and biology, and seeks to explain how things work through observation and reasoning. Historically, it was the precursor to modern science, where thinkers like Aristotle and Galileo laid the groundwork for scientific inquiry. In natural philosophy, questions about the universe, matter, and life are explored without the advanced tools and methods we have today. This approach emphasizes curiosity and critical thinking, encouraging individuals to seek knowledge about the world around them and the laws that govern it.