Nanoscale transistors are tiny electronic components that control the flow of electricity in devices. They are measured in nanometers, which are billionths of a meter, allowing for more transistors to fit on a single chip. This miniaturization enhances the performance and efficiency of electronic devices, making them faster and more powerful. These transistors are essential in modern technology, including smartphones, computers, and tablets. As the demand for smaller and more efficient devices grows, researchers continue to innovate in the design and manufacturing of nanoscale transistors, pushing the limits of semiconductor technology.