Mydriatics are medications used to dilate the pupils of the eyes. They work by relaxing the muscles that control pupil size, allowing more light to enter the eye. This is often necessary during eye examinations or surgeries to provide a better view of the retina and other internal structures. These medications can be classified into two main types: sympathomimetics, which stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, and anticholinergics, which block the parasympathetic nervous system. Common examples include tropicamide and phenylephrine. Mydriatics can cause temporary sensitivity to light and blurred vision until the effects wear off.