Multi-agent systems are collections of autonomous entities, known as agents, that interact with each other to achieve specific goals. Each agent can perceive its environment, make decisions, and act independently, allowing for complex problem-solving and coordination. These systems are often used in fields like robotics, artificial intelligence, and distributed computing. Agents in multi-agent systems can communicate and collaborate, sharing information to enhance their performance. They can be designed to work together in various applications, such as traffic management, robotic swarms, and online gaming. The interactions among agents can lead to emergent behaviors that are not predictable from individual actions.