Modules are self-contained units or components that can be combined to create a larger system. In programming, for example, a module is a file or collection of functions that can be reused across different parts of a project. This helps organize code, making it easier to manage and maintain. In education, modules refer to distinct units of study within a course. Each module typically covers a specific topic or skill, allowing students to learn in manageable segments. This modular approach can enhance understanding and retention, as learners can focus on one area before moving on to the next, such as mathematics or science.