Modern sculpture refers to three-dimensional artworks created from the late 19th century to the present. It often breaks away from traditional forms and materials, embracing new techniques and concepts. Artists like Henry Moore and Barbara Hepworth explored organic shapes and abstract forms, while others, such as Marcel Duchamp, challenged the definition of art itself. Materials used in modern sculpture can range from metal and stone to found objects and plastics. This diversity allows for innovative expressions, including installations and kinetic sculptures. Modern sculpture often reflects contemporary themes, engaging with social, political, and environmental issues in unique ways.