Mind-body dualism is a philosophical concept that suggests the mind and body are two distinct entities. This idea posits that the mind, which encompasses thoughts, feelings, and consciousness, is separate from the physical body, which is made up of tangible matter. The theory raises questions about how these two realms interact and influence each other. The most famous proponent of mind-body dualism is René Descartes, a 17th-century philosopher. He argued that the mind is non-physical and cannot be reduced to physical processes. This perspective has influenced various fields, including psychology, neuroscience, and philosophy, prompting ongoing debates about the nature of consciousness and existence.