Microvalves are tiny devices that control the flow of fluids in various applications, such as medical devices, chemical processing, and microfluidics. They can be as small as a few millimeters and are designed to manage the precise movement of liquids or gases, allowing for accurate control in systems where space is limited. These valves can be operated mechanically, electrically, or pneumatically, depending on their design and intended use. Microvalves are essential in technologies like lab-on-a-chip systems, where they enable complex chemical reactions and analyses to occur in a compact format, improving efficiency and reducing waste.