A "lab-on-a-chip" is a miniaturized device that integrates multiple laboratory functions onto a single chip, often no larger than a credit card. It can perform various tasks such as chemical analysis, biological testing, and diagnostics, all in a compact format. This technology allows for faster results and requires smaller sample sizes compared to traditional laboratory methods. These devices utilize microfluidics, which involves the precise manipulation of tiny amounts of fluids. Applications of lab-on-a-chip technology include medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and drug development, making it a valuable tool in fields like biotechnology and pharmaceuticals.